Phase Separation of Synaptic Vesicles at the Nerve Terminal
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
The separation of synaptic vesicles from nerve-ending particles ('synaptosomes').
When brain tissue is homogenized in media iso-osmotic to plasma, the club-like presynaptic nerve endings resist disruption and are snapped or torn off from their attachments to form discrete particles (nerve-ending particles) in which all the main structural features of the nerve ending are preserved. For these particles we propose the name ' synaptosomes' in order to emphasize their relative h...
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Since the first description of the "synaptic vesicles" (1, 2) the suggestion was made that they could be associated with acetylcholine and other chemical synaptic mediators. Later work gave further information about the possible composition of synaptic vesicles and their role in synaptic functions. It was shown that they degenerate very early in the nerve terminal after section of the axon (3),...
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Synaptic vesicles are tethered to the active zone where they are docked/primed so that they can fuse rapidly upon Ca(2+) influx. To directly study these steps at a CNS presynaptic terminal, we used total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy at the live isolated calyx of Held terminal and measured the movements of single synaptic vesicle just beneath the plasma membrane. Only a sub...
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Chemical synaptic transmission occurs when vesicles within a presynaptic neuron fuse to the membrane and release their neurotransmitter content into the synaptic cleft, eliciting a response in the postsynaptic cell. If concentration of neurotransmitter is the same in all synaptic vesicles, the volume of the vesicle determines how much transmitter is released. Thus, variation in vesicular volume...
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The supply of synaptic vesicles in the nerve terminal is maintained by a temporally linked balance of exo- and endocytosis. Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins block neurotransmitter release by the enzymatic cleavage of proteins identified as critical for synaptic vesicle exocytosis. We show here that botulinum neurotoxin A is unique in that the toxin-induced block in exocytosis does not arrest v...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Biophysical Journal
سال: 2019
ISSN: 0006-3495
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.2294